Gold price

Gold price history in 1960-2011

Gold has been used throughout history as money and has been a relative standard for currency equivalents specific to economic regions or countries. Many European countries implemented gold standards in the latter part of the 19th century until these were dismantled in the financial crises involving World War I. After World War II, the Bretton Woods system pegged the United States dollar to gold at a rate of US$35 per troy ounce. The system existed until the 1971 Nixon Shock, when the US unilaterally suspended the direct convertibility of the United States dollar to gold and made the transition to a fiat currency system. The last currency to be divorced from gold was the Swiss Franc in 2000.


Since 1919 the most common benchmark for the price of gold has been the London gold fixing, a twice-daily telephone meeting of representatives from five bullion-trading firms of the London bullion market. Furthermore, gold is traded continuously throughout the world based on the intra-day spot price, derived from over-the-counter gold-trading markets around the world (code "XAU"). The following table sets forth the gold price versus various assets and key statistics:
Year Gold USD/ozt[4] DJIA USD[5] World GDP
USD tn[6] US Debt USD bn[7] Trade Weighted US dollar Index[8]
1970 37 839 3.3 370

1975 140 852 6.4 533 33.0
1980 590 964 11.8 908 35.7
1985 327 1,547 13.0 1,823 68.2
1990 391 2,634 22.2 3,233 73.2
1995 387 5,117 29.8 4,974 90.3
2000 273 10,787 31.9 5,662 118.6
2005 513 10,718 45.1 8,170 111.6
2010 1,410 11,578 ... 14,025 99.9
1970 to 2010 net change, %

3,792 1,280 ... 3,691 ...
1975 (post US off gold standard) to 2010 net change, %

929 1,259 ... 2,531 ...


In March 2008, the gold price exceeded US$1,000,[9] achieving a nominal high of US$1,004.38. In real terms, actual value was still well below the US$599 peak in 1981 (equivalent to $1417 in U.S. 2008 dollar value). After the March 2008 spike, gold prices declined to a low of US$712.30 per ounce in November. Pricing soon resumed on upward momentum by temporarily breaking the US$1000 barrier again in late February 2009 but regressed moderately later in the quarter.

Later in 2009 the March 2008 intra-day spot price record of US$1,033.90 was broken several times in October, as the price of gold entered parabolic stages of successively new highs when a spike reversal to $1226 initiated a retrace of the price to the mid-October levels.

On August 22, 2011 gold reached a new record high of $1908.00 at the London Gold Fixing[10]